主办单位:中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所
国际刊号:ISSN 1673-503X
国内刊号:CN 21-1531/P

气象与环境学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (5): 47-56.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-503X.2018.05.007

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

重庆地区冬季雾气候变化特征及其成因分析

郭渠1, 李瑞2, 阮定伦3, 张天宇1   

  1. 1. 重庆市气候中心, 重庆 401147;
    2. 济南市气象局, 山东 济南 250002;
    3. 沙坪坝区气象局, 重庆 400030
  • 收稿日期:2017-04-12 修回日期:2017-07-24 出版日期:2018-10-31 发布日期:2018-10-31
  • 作者简介:郭渠,男,1978年生,高级工程师,主要从事气候变化、气候预测研究,E-mail:guoqu510@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    重庆市前沿与应用基础研究项目(cstc2015jcyjA0012)资助。

Climatic variation of winter fog and its causes in Chongqing area

GUO Qu1, LI Rui2, RUAN Ding-lun3, ZHANG Tian-yn1   

  1. 1. Chongqing Climate Center, Chongqing 401147, China;
    2. Ji'nan Meteorological Service, Ji'nan 250002, China;
    3. Shapingba District Meteorological Service, Chongqing 400030, China
  • Received:2017-04-12 Revised:2017-07-24 Online:2018-10-31 Published:2018-10-31

摘要: 利用1973—2015年重庆地区34个气象站的气象观测资料,采用常规统计和趋势分析等方法,分析了重庆地区雾天气的地理分布、趋势变化及其成因。结果表明:近43 a来,重庆地区冬季雾出现频率存在明显的年代际变化特征,1973—1989年雾天气出现频率呈增大的趋势,1990年前后雾天气出现频率呈由增至减的年代际转折,而后雾天气逐渐减少。重庆地区冬季雾日数的地理分布因地形地貌特征不同而不同,呈中西部地区多、东南和东北部地区少的空间分布特征。20世纪90年代以来,在全球气候变暖的大背景下,前期秋季(9—11月)北太平洋年代际振荡(Pacific Decadal Oscillation,PDO)由暖向冷位相转变、冬季西伯利亚高压强度增强、重庆地区近地层气温与空气饱和比湿增加及相对湿度减少是重庆地区冬季雾天气减少的主要原因。另外,重庆地区城市化发展迅速,冬季气溶胶光学厚度(Aerosol Optical Depth,AOD)增加也对雾天气的减少具有一定影响。

关键词: 雾, PDO:西伯利亚高压, AOD

Abstract: Based on meteorological observational data from 34 stations in Chongqing area from 1973 to 2015,the spatiotemporal characteristics and causes of fog events in Chongqing were analyzed using methods of conventional statistics and trend analysis.The results showed that the occurrence frequency of fog events during winter in Chongqing has distinct decadal variability,with an increasing trend from 1973 to 1989,turning to a decreasing trend around the 1990s,and then decreasing gradually.The spatial distribution of fog days number varies largely with the topography and landforms in Chongqing,with a larger number of fog days in the middle and western regions and smaller in the southeastern and northeastern regions.During the early 1990s and under the background of global climate warming,the decreasing trend of fog events during winter in Chongqing is mainly due to the transition phase of Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) from warm to cold in preceding autumn (from September to November),increasing intensity of the Siberian High,increasing temperature and saturation specific humidity and decreasing relative humidity in the near-surface layer.In addition,the rapid development of urbanization in Chongqing and the increase of Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) during winter also have an impact on the decrease in fog event.

Key words: Fog, Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), Siberian High, Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD)

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